Skip to content
Group 97 Group 98
  • About
    • About GSAP
    • About GSAP SKILLS
    • Partners
  • GBF Targets & Actions
    • GBF Targets & Actions
    • GBF Actors
  • News & Events
  • Menu
    • Taking action
    • Contact Us
    • Featured Content
    • Tech4Species
  • Knowledge HUB
  • Menu
    • Taking action
    • Contact Us
    • Featured Content
    • Tech4Species

Actions

Action 3.1
Action 3.3
  • Home
  • Target 3
  • Action 3.2

3.2. Ensure that protected and conserved area networks are representative of all natural ecosystems and well connected.

Subactions

  • 3.2.1. Analyse gaps in existing protected and conserved area networks for species.

    Primary tools and resources

    Connectivity 101: Ecological connectivity for people and planet

    Connectivity 101 is a free, self-paced course provided by the Wildlife Connect Initiative – a partnership of the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF), Center for Large Landscape Conservation (CLLC), IUCN World Commission on Protected Areas – Connectivity Conservation Specialist Group (CCSG), and Convention on Migratory Species (CMS), designed with UNDP’s Learning for Nature.

    Connectivity 101 teaches the basics of ecological connectivity conservation. The course will present general and replicable best practices for connectivity conservation and context-sensitive case studies worldwide. The course will focus on an audience of conservation practitioners but will also be accessible to a general audience. A certificate will be awarded to those who complete the course. Currently, the course is offered in English. Translations to other UN languages may be available in the future.

    Other tools and resources

    2019

    Proceso de integración de las áreas protegidas al ordenamiento territorial colombiano

    Han incrementado las presiones sobre áreas protegidas (AP) poniendo en riesgo la conservación de biodiversidad y la provisión de servicios ecosistemicos. En la planificación de los modelos de ocupación del territorio, usos del suelo y desarrollo promovidos por municipios, departamentos, la nación y sectores productivos las AP estan ausentes o son percibidas como limitantes del progreso A su vez las AP siguen planificandose de limites hacia dentro aisladas de los territorios de los cuales hacen parte. Es imprescindible e inaplazable que las AP se integren en los planes de ordenamiento territorial. Nuestro proceso ha combinado acciones de tipo político, técnico y operativo. Hoy Parques Nacionales hace parte del Comté Especial Interinstucional de la Comisión de Ordenamiento Territorial de Colombia, ha logrado las AP hayan sido incluida instrumentos ordenamiento territorial municipal, departamental y nacional, desarrolla casos piloto diferentes sitios del pais y capacita diferentes actores

    Solutions and case studies

    Murray Darling Basin Plan

    Through a deliberate strategy of getting Parliament votes and media attention, the Murray Darling Basin Plan was passed through Federal Parliament in 2013. The Darling River is one of the largest in Australia and runs from north to south. The Darling River flows into the Murray River and had been reduced to a trickle at the mouth due to big ag’s water usage for irrigation. A consortium of community members spent 10 years getting this plan passed.

    Sound legislative governance framework for spatial planning and management

    This solution addresses the complexities of having multiple jurisdictions and interests involved in co-managing a very large and diverse area. Today complementary management and planning provisions apply in virtually all marine waters within the GBR, irrespective of the jurisdictional responsibility.

  • 3.2.2. Identify, report, and maintain Other Effective Area-based Conservation Measures (OECMs) to benefit species.

    Primary tools and resources

    Guidance on other effective area-based conservation measures (OECMs)

    The Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, adopted in 2022, provides a framework for the effective implementation of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) through four goals and 23 targets. Target 3 (known as the ‘30×30 target’) calls on Parties to conserve at least 30% of terrestrial, inland waters, and coastal and marine areas by 2030. These guidelines are designed to promote good practices relating to identifying, reporting, monitoring and strengthening OECMs. They are intended for use by a wide range of rightsholders and stakeholders to promote understanding of whether a site meets the CBD criteria for identifying an OECM, how to report OECM data at the national and global levels, and how to monitor and strengthen OECMs.

    Other tools and resources

    Creación del Fondo de Inversión Ambiental para la Reserva Marina de Galápagos

    El objetivo es constituir y capitalizar un fondo fideicomisario, que esté anclado al Fondo de Inversión Ambiental Sostenible (FIAS), con la finalidad de proteger preservar y conservar la Reserva Marina de Galápagos (RMG), asegurando su sostenibilidad financiera.

    El principal hito a largo plazo que se quiere alcanzar con este fondo es aumentar las 40 millas de la RMG. Además, con este fondo se pretende elaborar e implementar un plan de prevención, conservación y preservación de la RMG. Para lograr estos hitos se definieron tres programas principales. Sin embargo, fueron identificados dos ejes transversales a estos programas como cruciales para lograr una buena preservación y conservación de la RMG, estos son Cambio Climático y Comunicación y Educación Ambiental.

    Los tres programas son:

    • Mantener y repotenciar el programa de Control y Vigilancia de la RMG para proteger el patrimonio marino;
    • Garantizar la conservación de la RMG y su integridad ecológica, a través del monitoreo e investigación para el uso racional de sus bienes y servicios ambientales;
    • Contribuir con la elaboración e implementación del Plan de Emergencia para la RMG.
    • La actualización del valor del cobro de las patentes de operación turística;
    • En el Ecuador existe un Fondo de Inversión Ambiental Sostenible (FIAS) que nos permitirá crear este fondo de la RMG bajo su paraguas;
    • La existencia de un Fondo para las Especies Invasoras de Galápagos, anclado al FIAS, es un ejemplo de éxito para la creación del fondo de la reserva marina, aportando confianza para los inversionistas.
    • La creación de este tipo de fondos ayudan a mitigar la inestabilidad del financiamiento por parte del Estado y cooperación externa;
    • En las negociaciones con la cooperación externa para buscar su voluntad para invertir en este fondo, o la ayuda en la busqueda de donantes para el mismo, ha tenido bastante acogida en este medio debido al factor de sostenabilidad en el tiempo;
    • El Estado a través de su Ministerio de Finanzas ha recibido de forma positiva la iniciativa de la DPNG para implementación del fondo;
    • Una de las principales barreras que se tuvo que sortear fue la inestabilidad política. Sin embargo, como explicado en el building block anterior, el caracter técnico de este proyecto superó al político.
    2021

    Se Buscan Héroes: turismo, alianzas y comunicación para el financiamiento en áreas marinas protegidas

    Cuatro organizaciones de la sociedad civil (OSC) integran Paralelo 28 con el objeto de captar recursos para contribuir al manejo y vigilancia de las áreas naturales protegidas (ANP) del Golfo de California. En 2016 lanzan la campaña Se Buscan Héroes en el Parque Nacional Islas Marietas, en colaboración con la Comisión Nacional de Áreas Naturales Protegidas (CONANP) y la Oficina de Visitantes y Convenciones de la Riviera Nayarit.

    Se establecen acuerdos entre Prestadores de Servicios Turísticos (PST), OSC y gobierno para instalar un mecanismo de financiamiento que contribuya al buen manejo del ANP. PST forman la asociación Bahía Unida y aportan $40 pesos por turista al Fondo Marietas. Paralelo 28 ejecuta la campaña de comunicación reconociendo a las empresas participantes (+95%). Las OSC y el gobierno ejecutan las acciones de manejo con los fondos generados, ofreciendo transparencia y claridad en el manejo financiero e inician réplicas en otras ANP. Aumenta 5,500% el presupuesto anual.

    2020

    Pérennité de la libre évolution forestière grâce à un outil réglementaire spécifique

    Le Bois du Loc’h est une réserve biologique intégrale (RBI), seul statut spécifiquement conçu pour assurer la libre évolution d’un échantillon représentatif des habitats forestiers présents en France et valoriser le réseau ainsi constitué.  A la protection déjà importante assurée par la maîtrise foncière (forêt de l’Etat) et par le plan de gestion durable de la forêt dont fait partie le Bois du Loc’h, la RBI ajoute une garantie de pérennité de l’absence d’exploitations et un plan de gestion spécifique.

     

    Ce plan de gestion intègre des dispositions communes à l’ensemble des RBI : protocoles d’études standardisés, principes de sécurisation de sentiers balisés, de régulation des ongulés par la chasse en l’absence de prédateurs naturels, d’élimination d’espèces exotiques. Ces principes, adaptés à l’environnement plus ou moins anthropisé de la plupart des forêts d’un pays comme la France, ont été compatibles avec la reconnaissance en catégorie UICN Ia, au regard de la finalité de la RBI.

    2024

    A stocktaking report on other effective area-based conservation measures in China : first edition

    Other effective area-based conservation measures (OECMs) have been long recognised as an effective approach for safeguarding biodiversity at local, national and global levels. This report takes stock of the policies and practices relevant to OECMs in China. The report explores the critical role of OECMs in China’s conservation efforts, emphasising their potential contribution to the country’s commitment to Target 3 of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (KMGBF). With well-established policies and practical evidence base in place, China is poised to embrace OECMs through both top-down and bottom-up approaches.

    Solutions and case studies

    The Role of Ecotourism in supporting socio-economic development in Ajloun Forest Reserve

     Ajloun Reserve covers 12 sq km from the remaining fragile and fragmented forest patches northern Jordan. The most important component of RSCN’s solution to integrate the local communities in its conservation programs was nature-based low impact ecotourism. We developed eco-tourism infrastructure and facilities (cabins, restaurants, trails) to attract nature lovers to stay overnights in the area, which only received limited numbers of day visitors before the establishment of the reserve. We linked the reserve with the surrounding historical and cultural attractions creating benefits and alternative income to the local communities, and assisted in the rehabilitation of local houses located along the hiking trails as stop points for food and beverage.  Our ecotourism product depends on natural and cultural resources, low level of technology with low negative impact on nature respecting the sites carrying capacity. 

    Val Alba Nature Reserve Establishment

    Val Alba Nature Reserve was established after a 1-year long participatory process that involved all local stakeholders and regional administration. It answered to a 30 year long expectation of the local community and it was the first bottom up experience of establishing a protected area in the Region Friuli Venezia Giulia (North East of Italy). This experience has become a model in the Region for the following preparation of Natura 2000 sites management plans.

    Biodiversity Tax Incentives For South Africa’s Protected Area Network

    South Africa identified protected area expansion as a key tool to ensuring the persistence of its biodiversity and ecosystems essential for its people and economy. Approximately 75% of South Africa is held in private ownership. Landowners bear the responsibility of managing protected areas and face financial commitments as a result. The Fiscal Benefits Project was launched to test biodiversity tax incentives as a financial benefit for landowners declaring protected areas. This began with the introduction of a new tax incentive into legislation. The impact of the incentive was tested at pilot sites across the country, resulting in the successful inclusion of the tax break in a tax return. This has paved the way for other privately owned protected areas to receive financial recognition and ensure the continued governance and management of South Africa’s protected areas, utilising building blocks of policy and grassroots engagement, niche expertise and a supportive community of practice.

    From threatened to thriving: how ecotourism saved Jabal Moussa mountain

    In 2007, following an attempt to blast a road in the heart of the mountain known as Jabal Moussa, the Association for the Protection of Jabal Moussa (APJM) NGO was established to protect the mountain from increasing pressures, within challenging socio-economic and political contexts. APJM negotiated and funded a lease contract with religious endowments to rent large swaths of the mountain, and Jabal Moussa was designated a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve in 2009. Inspired by the Man and Biosphere Programme, APJM launched a community-based ecotourism program the same year, engaging several local community members. From a previously neglected and threatened area, Jabal Mousa became a well conserved touristic destination, welcoming 20,000 visitors in 2017, and increasingly contributing to the wellbeing of its local communities. Despite the very fragile law enforcement framework, Jabal Moussa is today thriving due to the engagement of the local community and the support of the general public.

    La Minga-An Endowment to Secure Community Driven Conservation on Colombia’s Pacific Coast

    Conservation International (CI)  and Fondo Acción  (FA)have been actively supporting and contributing to the creation, development and strengthening of three protected areas (RDM Golfo de Tribugá, RDM La Plata and RNP La Sierpe) and communities. To further this work and provide continuity, CI and FA have launched “La Minga” which means “everyone together.” La Minga is an endowment fund and a sinking fund designed to guarantee the financial sustainability of this community-driven network of protected areas (IDM Golfo de Tribugá in Chocó and IDM La Plata, NRP of la Sierpe in valle del Cauca)The fund´s goal is to ultimately help secure the protection of invaluable biodiversity, a deeply prized cultural heritage, and the natural capital on which the local communities depend. This is the first time in
    Colombia where long-term financial sustainability for protected area management is being developed with the people who live there, who have driven this process since the very beginning.

  • 3.2.3. Focus expansion of protected and conserved areas on sites of high importance for species, including ecological corridors.

    Primary tools and resources

    Connectivity 101: Ecological connectivity for people and planet

    Connectivity 101 is a free, self-paced course provided by the Wildlife Connect Initiative – a partnership of the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF), Center for Large Landscape Conservation (CLLC), IUCN World Commission on Protected Areas – Connectivity Conservation Specialist Group (CCSG), and Convention on Migratory Species (CMS), designed with UNDP’s Learning for Nature.

    Connectivity 101 teaches the basics of ecological connectivity conservation. The course will present general and replicable best practices for connectivity conservation and context-sensitive case studies worldwide. The course will focus on an audience of conservation practitioners but will also be accessible to a general audience. A certificate will be awarded to those who complete the course. Currently, the course is offered in English. Translations to other UN languages may be available in the future.

    Solutions and case studies

    Public-private partnership to develop a climate-proof PA network

    Fifteen percent of the Western Cape is formally protected. Unfortunately, this network is unrepresentative of the biodiversity contained within the province and does not adequately buffer the province against the impacts of climate change. In an endeavor to supplement the existing network, priority areas, which have been identified through systematic biodiversity plans, are being safeguarded through elaborate public private partnership agreements and mainstreaming avenues.

    Kinabalu Eco-linc – improving ecological connectivity

    This project is improving the ecological connectivity between 2 protected areas in Sabah, Malaysia: Kinabalu Park (World Heritage site) and Crocker Range Biosphere reserve. It addresses the issue of forest fragmentation due to uncontrolled deforestation and expansion of agricultural activities by establishment of several community conserved areas (CCAs) in between both parks, habitat restoration, improving agriculture production and creating alternative incomes.

    Building a protected areas network in the world’s largest freshwater ecosystem.

    North America’s Laurentian Great Lakes truly are great. These “inland seas” represent the world’s largest freshwater ecosystem, with over 21% of the earth’s surface freshwater. And yet for all their importance these lakes have suffered much. Climate change, invasive species, contaminants and habitat loss are just some of the stresses that have profoundly impacted and altered them.  

    It is a challenging context for conservation, and accordingly, protected area agencies and partners across the lakes have sought ways to strengthen and enhance the effectiveness of their efforts. To this end, the Great Lakes Protected Areas Network (GLPAN) was established to improve communication and facilitate collaboration at the binational (Canada-United States) scale. One outcome of this partnership has been better profile and awareness of protected and conserved areas on other binational platforms, most notably the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement.

  • 3.2.4. Support transboundary conservation areas where species’ populations cross national borders.

    Solutions and case studies

    Public-private partnership to develop a climate-proof PA network

    Fifteen percent of the Western Cape is formally protected. Unfortunately, this network is unrepresentative of the biodiversity contained within the province and does not adequately buffer the province against the impacts of climate change. In an endeavor to supplement the existing network, priority areas, which have been identified through systematic biodiversity plans, are being safeguarded through elaborate public private partnership agreements and mainstreaming avenues.

    Transboundary strategy for communication about nature conservation

    The project used a participatory decision-making process to develop recommendations for transboundary cooperation in targeted external communication about nature conservation in the two national parks. The project led to a joint agreement about the allocation of resources (money and staff time) to maximize public opinion about nature conservation activities in the parks. Some of the actions will be implemented through jointly funded park projects from 2017-2020.

    Promoting transboundary co-existence of large carnivores

    The project used a participatory decision-making process to develop a transboundary bear management plan for a nature park in Italy (Prealpi Giulie) and an adjacent national park in Slovenia (Triglav). The project led to a joint agreement for the allocation of resources (money and staff time) toward satisfying all stakeholders concerned about brown bears in the Transboundary Julian Alps Ecoregion. Some of the actions will be implemented through jointly funded park projects from 2017-2026.

    European Park Marittime-Mercantour: how long term transboundary conservation can lead to a juridical common management structure

    Starting from their territorial contiguity, the common natural and cultural heritage, the two parks have created a unique protected area of about 1000 km² across the F/I border. A long partnership process, at first generated by the need of common wildlife management, lead then to sustainable development and common visual identity. Thanks to more and more integrated projects, they developed a shared vision, and have finally created a common juridical structure following a new EU regulation: EGTC.

    Promotion of transboundary nature protection and sustainable nature tourism

    The project was carried out from 2006-2008 in the transboundary protected area called Pasvik-Inari Trilateral Park (Finland, Norway, Russia) that focused on promoting nature protection and sustainable nature tourism in the area by developing: 1) joint methods for nature monitoring; 2) joint guidelines for sustainable nature tourism; 3) joint action plan; and 4) EUROPARC transboundary park certification.

    Building a protected areas network in the world’s largest freshwater ecosystem.

    North America’s Laurentian Great Lakes truly are great. These “inland seas” represent the world’s largest freshwater ecosystem, with over 21% of the earth’s surface freshwater. And yet for all their importance these lakes have suffered much. Climate change, invasive species, contaminants and habitat loss are just some of the stresses that have profoundly impacted and altered them.  

    It is a challenging context for conservation, and accordingly, protected area agencies and partners across the lakes have sought ways to strengthen and enhance the effectiveness of their efforts. To this end, the Great Lakes Protected Areas Network (GLPAN) was established to improve communication and facilitate collaboration at the binational (Canada-United States) scale. One outcome of this partnership has been better profile and awareness of protected and conserved areas on other binational platforms, most notably the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement.

Primary tools and resources

View all

Connectivity 101: Ecological connectivity for people and planet

Connectivity 101 is a free, self-paced course provided by the Wildlife Connect Initiative – a partnership of the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF), Center for Large Landscape Conservation (CLLC), IUCN World Commission on Protected Areas – Connectivity Conservation Specialist Group (CCSG), and Convention on Migratory Species (CMS), designed with UNDP’s Learning for Nature.

Connectivity 101 teaches the basics of ecological connectivity conservation. The course will present general and replicable best practices for connectivity conservation and context-sensitive case studies worldwide. The course will focus on an audience of conservation practitioners but will also be accessible to a general audience. A certificate will be awarded to those who complete the course. Currently, the course is offered in English. Translations to other UN languages may be available in the future.

Guidance on other effective area-based conservation measures (OECMs)

The Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, adopted in 2022, provides a framework for the effective implementation of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) through four goals and 23 targets. Target 3 (known as the ‘30×30 target’) calls on Parties to conserve at least 30% of terrestrial, inland waters, and coastal and marine areas by 2030. These guidelines are designed to promote good practices relating to identifying, reporting, monitoring and strengthening OECMs. They are intended for use by a wide range of rightsholders and stakeholders to promote understanding of whether a site meets the CBD criteria for identifying an OECM, how to report OECM data at the national and global levels, and how to monitor and strengthen OECMs.

Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs)

KBAs are sites that ‘contribute significantly to the global persistence of biodiversity in terrestrial, freshwater, and marine ecosystems’. KBAs are identified on the basis of species or ecosystems, according to five criteria and 11 subcriteria, all supported by quantitative thresholds. The KBA Global Standard details the criteria and subcriteria. KBA sites must meet one of the criteria and be clearly delineated. Proposed sites are independently reviewed and once accepted are included in the World Database of KBAs.

KBAs are normally identified by a KBA National Coordination Group (NCG). However, anyone with appropriate data may propose a site as a KBA, but they are they are encouraged to work with the NCG if one exists and consultation with relevant stakeholders at the local and national level is required and needs to be documented in the proposal. Where a KBA NCG has not yet been established, proposers submit a site proposal directly.

The Key Biodiversity Areas Partnership is composed of 13 leading international organizations including IUCN. It maintains a KBA Committee, Secretariat, a Technical Working Group, a KBA Consultative Forum, and the World Database of Key Biodiversity Areas. An independent KBA Standards and Appeals Committee has been established under the authority of the elected SSC and WCPA Chairs.

How to use

  • To download the KBA Standard, criteria, and guidelines, and for further information: https://www.keybiodiversityareas.org/home
  • To explore maps and site details on the World Database of KBAS: https://wdkba.keybiodiversityareas.org
  • For guidance on the role of KBA National Coordination Groups and how to establish them: https://www.keybiodiversityareas.org/working-with-kbas/programme/national-coordination-groups

Other Effective Area-based Conservation Measures (OECM)

The governments of the world adopted the following definition of an OECM in 2018: “A geographically defined area other than a Protected Area, which is governed and managed in ways that achieve positive and sustained long-term outcomes for the in-situ conservation of biodiversity, with associated ecosystem functions and services and where applicable, cultural, spiritual, socio–economic, and other locally relevant values”. OECMs complement protected areas through sustained, positive conservation outcomes, even though they may be managed primarily for other reasons. These sites are documented in the World Database on OECMs. This definition was only recently adopted and most countries have not yet provided data, but this does not mean that no OECMs exist in those countries. The World Database on OECMs is available on the Protected Planet website.

How to use

For IUCN World Commission on Protected Areas (WCPA) guidance on recognising OECMs:

https://doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.CH.2019.PATRS.3.en

To search for information on an existing site on the World Database on OECMs:

https://resources.unep-wcmc.org/products/4c1733823f2a451e8d5ecbaaef3f1a06WDPA

IUCN Green List of Protected and Conserved Areas Standard

A protected or conserved area that reaches the IUCN Green List Standard is certified and recognised as achieving ongoing results for people and nature in a fair and effective way. A site that gains ‘Green List’ status demonstrates: Respect: for the local community through fair and meaningful engagement of rights-holders and stakeholders; Design: planning that identifies the needs to secure  the important values of the area; Effective management: monitoring of the status of these important values; Successful conservation results: for nature and for people; Clear contribution: to climate change responses, health and well-being and other challenges. The seventeen criteria collectively describe the efforts needed to fully achieve the global Sustainability Standard and all must be achieved for a site to be green-listed. The indicators can be adapted to suit the local context. Any site can join, and work towards achieving verified success, and then attain the Standard or further improve.

IUCN Important Marine Mammals Areas (IMMAs)

Important Marine Mammal Areas (IMMAs) are defined as discrete portions of habitat important to marine mammal species that have the potential to be delineated and managed for conservation. IMMAs consist of areas that may merit place-based protection and/or monitoring. IMMAs are identified through an independent, expert process.

2020

IUCN Guidelines for conserving connectivity through ecological networks and corridors

Connectivity conservation is essential for managing healthy ecosystems, conserving biodiversity and adapting to climate change across all biomes and spatial scales. Well-connected ecosystems support a diversity of ecological functions such as migration, hydrology, nutrient cycling, pollination, seed dispersal, food security, climate resilience and disease resistance. These Guidelines are based on the best available science and practice for maintaining, enhancing and restoring ecological connectivity among and between protected areas, other effective areas based conservation measures (OECMs) and other intact ecosystems. For the first time, this publication introduces a common definition and recommends formal recognition of ecological corridors to serve as critical building blocks of ecological networks in conjunction with protected areas and OECMs. Furthermore, these Guidelines also include 25 case studies that demonstrate current approaches to conserving ecological connectivity and ecological networks for different ecosystems and species, and at different spatial and temporal scales.

View all

Other tools and resources

View all

Creación del Fondo de Inversión Ambiental para la Reserva Marina de Galápagos

El objetivo es constituir y capitalizar un fondo fideicomisario, que esté anclado al Fondo de Inversión Ambiental Sostenible (FIAS), con la finalidad de proteger preservar y conservar la Reserva Marina de Galápagos (RMG), asegurando su sostenibilidad financiera.

El principal hito a largo plazo que se quiere alcanzar con este fondo es aumentar las 40 millas de la RMG. Además, con este fondo se pretende elaborar e implementar un plan de prevención, conservación y preservación de la RMG. Para lograr estos hitos se definieron tres programas principales. Sin embargo, fueron identificados dos ejes transversales a estos programas como cruciales para lograr una buena preservación y conservación de la RMG, estos son Cambio Climático y Comunicación y Educación Ambiental.

Los tres programas son:

  • Mantener y repotenciar el programa de Control y Vigilancia de la RMG para proteger el patrimonio marino;
  • Garantizar la conservación de la RMG y su integridad ecológica, a través del monitoreo e investigación para el uso racional de sus bienes y servicios ambientales;
  • Contribuir con la elaboración e implementación del Plan de Emergencia para la RMG.
  • La actualización del valor del cobro de las patentes de operación turística;
  • En el Ecuador existe un Fondo de Inversión Ambiental Sostenible (FIAS) que nos permitirá crear este fondo de la RMG bajo su paraguas;
  • La existencia de un Fondo para las Especies Invasoras de Galápagos, anclado al FIAS, es un ejemplo de éxito para la creación del fondo de la reserva marina, aportando confianza para los inversionistas.
  • La creación de este tipo de fondos ayudan a mitigar la inestabilidad del financiamiento por parte del Estado y cooperación externa;
  • En las negociaciones con la cooperación externa para buscar su voluntad para invertir en este fondo, o la ayuda en la busqueda de donantes para el mismo, ha tenido bastante acogida en este medio debido al factor de sostenabilidad en el tiempo;
  • El Estado a través de su Ministerio de Finanzas ha recibido de forma positiva la iniciativa de la DPNG para implementación del fondo;
  • Una de las principales barreras que se tuvo que sortear fue la inestabilidad política. Sin embargo, como explicado en el building block anterior, el caracter técnico de este proyecto superó al político.
2019

Proceso de integración de las áreas protegidas al ordenamiento territorial colombiano

Han incrementado las presiones sobre áreas protegidas (AP) poniendo en riesgo la conservación de biodiversidad y la provisión de servicios ecosistemicos. En la planificación de los modelos de ocupación del territorio, usos del suelo y desarrollo promovidos por municipios, departamentos, la nación y sectores productivos las AP estan ausentes o son percibidas como limitantes del progreso A su vez las AP siguen planificandose de limites hacia dentro aisladas de los territorios de los cuales hacen parte. Es imprescindible e inaplazable que las AP se integren en los planes de ordenamiento territorial. Nuestro proceso ha combinado acciones de tipo político, técnico y operativo. Hoy Parques Nacionales hace parte del Comté Especial Interinstucional de la Comisión de Ordenamiento Territorial de Colombia, ha logrado las AP hayan sido incluida instrumentos ordenamiento territorial municipal, departamental y nacional, desarrolla casos piloto diferentes sitios del pais y capacita diferentes actores

2021

Se Buscan Héroes: turismo, alianzas y comunicación para el financiamiento en áreas marinas protegidas

Cuatro organizaciones de la sociedad civil (OSC) integran Paralelo 28 con el objeto de captar recursos para contribuir al manejo y vigilancia de las áreas naturales protegidas (ANP) del Golfo de California. En 2016 lanzan la campaña Se Buscan Héroes en el Parque Nacional Islas Marietas, en colaboración con la Comisión Nacional de Áreas Naturales Protegidas (CONANP) y la Oficina de Visitantes y Convenciones de la Riviera Nayarit.

Se establecen acuerdos entre Prestadores de Servicios Turísticos (PST), OSC y gobierno para instalar un mecanismo de financiamiento que contribuya al buen manejo del ANP. PST forman la asociación Bahía Unida y aportan $40 pesos por turista al Fondo Marietas. Paralelo 28 ejecuta la campaña de comunicación reconociendo a las empresas participantes (+95%). Las OSC y el gobierno ejecutan las acciones de manejo con los fondos generados, ofreciendo transparencia y claridad en el manejo financiero e inician réplicas en otras ANP. Aumenta 5,500% el presupuesto anual.

2020

Pérennité de la libre évolution forestière grâce à un outil réglementaire spécifique

Le Bois du Loc’h est une réserve biologique intégrale (RBI), seul statut spécifiquement conçu pour assurer la libre évolution d’un échantillon représentatif des habitats forestiers présents en France et valoriser le réseau ainsi constitué.  A la protection déjà importante assurée par la maîtrise foncière (forêt de l’Etat) et par le plan de gestion durable de la forêt dont fait partie le Bois du Loc’h, la RBI ajoute une garantie de pérennité de l’absence d’exploitations et un plan de gestion spécifique.

 

Ce plan de gestion intègre des dispositions communes à l’ensemble des RBI : protocoles d’études standardisés, principes de sécurisation de sentiers balisés, de régulation des ongulés par la chasse en l’absence de prédateurs naturels, d’élimination d’espèces exotiques. Ces principes, adaptés à l’environnement plus ou moins anthropisé de la plupart des forêts d’un pays comme la France, ont été compatibles avec la reconnaissance en catégorie UICN Ia, au regard de la finalité de la RBI.

Protected Planet Report 2024

The Protected Planet Report 2024 provides the first review of global progress towards the world’s commitment to Target 3 of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework.

2024

A stocktaking report on other effective area-based conservation measures in China : first edition

Other effective area-based conservation measures (OECMs) have been long recognised as an effective approach for safeguarding biodiversity at local, national and global levels. This report takes stock of the policies and practices relevant to OECMs in China. The report explores the critical role of OECMs in China’s conservation efforts, emphasising their potential contribution to the country’s commitment to Target 3 of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (KMGBF). With well-established policies and practical evidence base in place, China is poised to embrace OECMs through both top-down and bottom-up approaches.

The state of protected and conserved areas in Eastern and Southern Africa : second edition

This second edition of The state of protected and conserved areas in Eastern and Southern Africa builds on the first edition published in 2020 and provides updates on how the region is managing and governing protected and conserved areas, effectively providing a regional update on the progress towards the achievement of Target 3 of the Global Biodiversity framework. While the first edition was published in relation to the previous global targets (in particular Aichi Target 11), this edition covers progress on the common indicators around management effectiveness and governance and expands to include additional information that corresponds to the revised target on PCAs (Target 3).

CMS PRELIMINARY REPORT ON THE SITE NETWORK FOR WATERBIRDS IN THE AGREEMENT AREA, 1st EDITION

The purpose of the report is to provide the national administrative authorities of AEWA with a strategic overview of:

a) the knowledge of the extent and distribution of sites of international importance2 for and used by each of the species on the Agreement;

b) the extent to which these sites of international importance are statutorily or otherwise designated under relevant international processes;

c) the extent to which internationally important sites are subject to directed management for the purposes of the conservation of the waterbirds for which they are internationally important; a

d) instances where populations of waterbirds depend on key unprotected sites of importance, the loss of which would be of significance for the population concerned (for example unprotected ‘bottleneck’ sites, or unprotected sites in migration corridors of restricted geographical extent).

IUCN Resolution WCC-2020-Res-073 “Ecological connectivity conservation in the post-2020 global biodiversity framework: from local to international levels”

Ecological connectivity conservation in the post-2020 global biodiversity framework: from local to international levels

International Whaling Commission Sanctuaries Conservation Management Plans (CMPs)

Conservation Management Plans (CMPs) are an important conservation initiative of the IWC.  They provide a framework for countries within the range of vulnerable cetacean populations (known as range states) to work together, and in collaboration with other relevant stakeholders, to protect and rebuild those populations.

View all

Solutions and case studies

View all

Murray Darling Basin Plan

Through a deliberate strategy of getting Parliament votes and media attention, the Murray Darling Basin Plan was passed through Federal Parliament in 2013. The Darling River is one of the largest in Australia and runs from north to south. The Darling River flows into the Murray River and had been reduced to a trickle at the mouth due to big ag’s water usage for irrigation. A consortium of community members spent 10 years getting this plan passed.

The Role of Ecotourism in supporting socio-economic development in Ajloun Forest Reserve

 Ajloun Reserve covers 12 sq km from the remaining fragile and fragmented forest patches northern Jordan. The most important component of RSCN’s solution to integrate the local communities in its conservation programs was nature-based low impact ecotourism. We developed eco-tourism infrastructure and facilities (cabins, restaurants, trails) to attract nature lovers to stay overnights in the area, which only received limited numbers of day visitors before the establishment of the reserve. We linked the reserve with the surrounding historical and cultural attractions creating benefits and alternative income to the local communities, and assisted in the rehabilitation of local houses located along the hiking trails as stop points for food and beverage.  Our ecotourism product depends on natural and cultural resources, low level of technology with low negative impact on nature respecting the sites carrying capacity. 

Val Alba Nature Reserve Establishment

Val Alba Nature Reserve was established after a 1-year long participatory process that involved all local stakeholders and regional administration. It answered to a 30 year long expectation of the local community and it was the first bottom up experience of establishing a protected area in the Region Friuli Venezia Giulia (North East of Italy). This experience has become a model in the Region for the following preparation of Natura 2000 sites management plans.

Sound legislative governance framework for spatial planning and management

This solution addresses the complexities of having multiple jurisdictions and interests involved in co-managing a very large and diverse area. Today complementary management and planning provisions apply in virtually all marine waters within the GBR, irrespective of the jurisdictional responsibility.

Public-private partnership to develop a climate-proof PA network

Fifteen percent of the Western Cape is formally protected. Unfortunately, this network is unrepresentative of the biodiversity contained within the province and does not adequately buffer the province against the impacts of climate change. In an endeavor to supplement the existing network, priority areas, which have been identified through systematic biodiversity plans, are being safeguarded through elaborate public private partnership agreements and mainstreaming avenues.

Transboundary strategy for communication about nature conservation

The project used a participatory decision-making process to develop recommendations for transboundary cooperation in targeted external communication about nature conservation in the two national parks. The project led to a joint agreement about the allocation of resources (money and staff time) to maximize public opinion about nature conservation activities in the parks. Some of the actions will be implemented through jointly funded park projects from 2017-2020.

Promoting transboundary co-existence of large carnivores

The project used a participatory decision-making process to develop a transboundary bear management plan for a nature park in Italy (Prealpi Giulie) and an adjacent national park in Slovenia (Triglav). The project led to a joint agreement for the allocation of resources (money and staff time) toward satisfying all stakeholders concerned about brown bears in the Transboundary Julian Alps Ecoregion. Some of the actions will be implemented through jointly funded park projects from 2017-2026.

Biodiversity Tax Incentives For South Africa’s Protected Area Network

South Africa identified protected area expansion as a key tool to ensuring the persistence of its biodiversity and ecosystems essential for its people and economy. Approximately 75% of South Africa is held in private ownership. Landowners bear the responsibility of managing protected areas and face financial commitments as a result. The Fiscal Benefits Project was launched to test biodiversity tax incentives as a financial benefit for landowners declaring protected areas. This began with the introduction of a new tax incentive into legislation. The impact of the incentive was tested at pilot sites across the country, resulting in the successful inclusion of the tax break in a tax return. This has paved the way for other privately owned protected areas to receive financial recognition and ensure the continued governance and management of South Africa’s protected areas, utilising building blocks of policy and grassroots engagement, niche expertise and a supportive community of practice.

European Park Marittime-Mercantour: how long term transboundary conservation can lead to a juridical common management structure

Starting from their territorial contiguity, the common natural and cultural heritage, the two parks have created a unique protected area of about 1000 km² across the F/I border. A long partnership process, at first generated by the need of common wildlife management, lead then to sustainable development and common visual identity. Thanks to more and more integrated projects, they developed a shared vision, and have finally created a common juridical structure following a new EU regulation: EGTC.

From threatened to thriving: how ecotourism saved Jabal Moussa mountain

In 2007, following an attempt to blast a road in the heart of the mountain known as Jabal Moussa, the Association for the Protection of Jabal Moussa (APJM) NGO was established to protect the mountain from increasing pressures, within challenging socio-economic and political contexts. APJM negotiated and funded a lease contract with religious endowments to rent large swaths of the mountain, and Jabal Moussa was designated a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve in 2009. Inspired by the Man and Biosphere Programme, APJM launched a community-based ecotourism program the same year, engaging several local community members. From a previously neglected and threatened area, Jabal Mousa became a well conserved touristic destination, welcoming 20,000 visitors in 2017, and increasingly contributing to the wellbeing of its local communities. Despite the very fragile law enforcement framework, Jabal Moussa is today thriving due to the engagement of the local community and the support of the general public.

Kinabalu Eco-linc – improving ecological connectivity

This project is improving the ecological connectivity between 2 protected areas in Sabah, Malaysia: Kinabalu Park (World Heritage site) and Crocker Range Biosphere reserve. It addresses the issue of forest fragmentation due to uncontrolled deforestation and expansion of agricultural activities by establishment of several community conserved areas (CCAs) in between both parks, habitat restoration, improving agriculture production and creating alternative incomes.

La Minga-An Endowment to Secure Community Driven Conservation on Colombia’s Pacific Coast

Conservation International (CI)  and Fondo Acción  (FA)have been actively supporting and contributing to the creation, development and strengthening of three protected areas (RDM Golfo de Tribugá, RDM La Plata and RNP La Sierpe) and communities. To further this work and provide continuity, CI and FA have launched “La Minga” which means “everyone together.” La Minga is an endowment fund and a sinking fund designed to guarantee the financial sustainability of this community-driven network of protected areas (IDM Golfo de Tribugá in Chocó and IDM La Plata, NRP of la Sierpe in valle del Cauca)The fund´s goal is to ultimately help secure the protection of invaluable biodiversity, a deeply prized cultural heritage, and the natural capital on which the local communities depend. This is the first time in
Colombia where long-term financial sustainability for protected area management is being developed with the people who live there, who have driven this process since the very beginning.

View all

Actors

Governments

Government agencies

IUCN

IUCN

UN/Inter-Governmental organisations and biodiversity-related conventions and agreements

United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre

Civil society organisations (including NGOs)

Alliance for Zero Extinction
Key Biodiversity Area Secretariat

Indigenous peoples and Local communities

Technologies

View all

Acoustic Monitoring

Camera Traps

View all

Seed Partners

Logo-3
Frame 1597884785

GSAP SKILLS

Global Species Action Plan – Species Conservation Knowledge, Information, Learning, Leverage and Sharing Online Knowledge Platform

Socials

Useful links

  • About GSAP
  • About GSAP SKILLS
  • Featured Content
  • GBF Targets & Actions
  • Tech4Species
  • Contact
  • Privacy Policy
  • Terms of Use

Copyright © 2025. All Rights Reserved.

We are using cookies to give you the best experience on our website.

You can find out more about which cookies we are using or switch them off in .

Powered by  GDPR Cookie Compliance
Privacy Overview

This website uses cookies so that we can provide you with the best user experience possible. Cookie information is stored in your browser and performs functions such as recognising you when you return to our website and helping our team to understand which sections of the website you find most interesting and useful.

Strictly Necessary Cookies

Strictly Necessary Cookie should be enabled at all times so that we can save your preferences for cookie settings.

If you disable this cookie, we will not be able to save your preferences. This means that every time you visit this website you will need to enable or disable cookies again.

3rd Party Cookies

This website uses Google Analytics to collect anonymous information such as the number of visitors to the site, and the most popular pages.

Keeping this cookie enabled helps us to improve our website.

Please enable Strictly Necessary Cookies first so that we can save your preferences!

Additional Cookies

This website uses the following additional cookies:

(List the cookies that you are using on the website here.)

Please enable Strictly Necessary Cookies first so that we can save your preferences!