Estudio comparativo de los sistemas de Evaluación de Impacto Ambiental en Centroamérica

Costa Rica is one of the most biodiverse countries in the world and recognised for its commitment and leadership in nature conservation. The Greater Metropolitan Area (GAM) is home to 60% of the country’s population with many economic sectors concentrated here. The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on already highly vulnerable communities living in the GAM.

To improve biodiversity and ecosystem services, five innovative projects were developed in San José, where more than 50 species of native flora were incorporated into the green urban fabric. Over 40 women developed capacities for the sustainable use of nature’s benefits while generating income. 20 public-private partnerships were formed and more than 19 adaptation measures were implemented that contribute to the sustainability of the productive activities in the local communities. Now, over 20,000 people enjoy wellbeing activities in the spaces that have improved their natural condition through the projects.

Proposes an overview of the concept of sustainable use, drawing from the growing body of literature concerned with common property resources, ecosystem management and community based natural resource management. It also provides a synoptic account of the state of living natural resources in Mesoamerica, taking into account the efforts undertaken in situ and ex situ Conservation. It also addresses many of the drivers that are affecting the management and final use of natural resources, with particular emphasis on traditional knowledge systems and community based natural resource management. A final section analyses the range of on-going experiences in the local se and management of natural resources, including forest resources, non timber forest products, wildlife and coastal and marine resources. It is hoped that this state of the art review will serve as a reference for future conservation and sustainable use efforts in the Mesoamerican region.