Besoins exprimés et initiatives de développement proposées par les populations vivant dans et autour de la Réserve de faune de Conkouati

Les sociétés du monde entier exploitent les espèces sauvages, dans une mesure plus ou moins grande, pour l’alimentation, les matériaux de construction, les soins de santé, les médicaments, la lutte contre les parasites, l’ornementation, générer des revenus, les loisirs, ainsi qu’à des fins culturelles et spirituelles. Si cette utilisation des espèces sauvages contribue directement au bien-être de milliards de personnes dans le monde, la surexploitation des espèces sauvages est l’un des principaux facteurs de perte de biodiversité.

En las últimas décadas, la Jalca, ecosistema altoandino importante para la regulación hídrica, se ha visto amenazada por su mal manejo y los cambios en las precipitaciones asociados al cambio climático. Ante esto, el Proyecto Páramo Andino promovió la conservación de la Jalca como fuente de agua, trabajando con la población un plan de manejo participativo, en el cual se priorizaron medidas de conservación del ecosistema y para aprovechar mejor el agua, que juntas contribuyen a la adaptación al cambio climático. Entre las medidas estan: protección de ojos de agua y manantiales con plantaciones de queñual (Polylepis spp.) y pircas de piedras; agroforestería, viveros forestales y forestación con queñual en macizos y protección de praderas con cercos vivos; construcción de microreservorios e instalación de riego por aspersión. Estas medidas fueran recogidas y financiadas por los gobiernos locales y tomadas en cuenta por el gobierno regional para determinar prioridades de conservación.

The Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, adopted in 2022, provides a framework for the effective implementation of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) through four goals and 23 targets. Target 3 (known as the ‘30×30 target’) calls on Parties to conserve at least 30% of terrestrial, inland waters, and coastal and marine areas by 2030. These guidelines are designed to promote good practices relating to identifying, reporting, monitoring and strengthening OECMs. They are intended for use by a wide range of rightsholders and stakeholders to promote understanding of whether a site meets the CBD criteria for identifying an OECM, how to report OECM data at the national and global levels, and how to monitor and strengthen OECMs.

In response to growing environmental challenges, Montenegro is embracing digitalization and new technologies to safeguard its biodiversity. As part of the “Biodiversity Mainstreaming into Sectoral Policies and Practices and Strengthening Protection of Biodiversity Hotspots in Montenegro” (GEF 7) initiative, the project has facilitated cross-sectoral and multi-institutional cooperation while piloting innovative solutions aimed at improving decision-making processes and biodiversity protection through enhanced data collection, institutional collaboration, and the application of new technologies.

The burgeoning specialty coffee sector in DRC offers a compelling example of how regenerative agricultural practices can enhance both environmental sustainability and market value. By focusing on producing high-quality coffee and implementing improved farming techniques, Congolese coffee farmers are tapping into a growing global demand for ethically sourced specialty coffee. Higher product standards command premium prices and contribute to increased economic resilience within local communities. 

The Global Environment Facility (GEF) and Least Developed Countries Fund (LDCF) funded a partnership between the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), Nespresso, and TechnoServe through this project. Through Nespresso’s AAA Sustainable quality program, the project supported the sustainability of smallholder coffee farming households in South Kivu, DRC, while working to restore and revitalize degraded natural environments. Nespresso, TechnoServe, and DRC coffee farmers and cooperatives have partnered since 2019.

Other effective area-based conservation measures (OECMs) are sites outside protected areas that deliver effective and long-term in situ conservation of biodiversity. Biodiversity conservation may be the primary objective of the site, a secondary objective of a site that is managed for other purposes, or it may be an unintended consequence of the way the site is managed. OECMs may be governed and managed by governments, private entities or Indigenous peoples and local communities, or a combination of these. This tool guides an assessor through three steps to apply eight criteria which determine if a site qualifies as an OECM as set out under the Convention on Biological Diversity. For sites which do not currently meet all the criteria, the tool serves to highlight areas where further information or improvements in governance and management are required.