The mangroves at the Rio Esmeraldas estuary are of high ecological, economic and social value due to their direct and indirect uses. They constitute an important asset for adapting to climate change of the local population. This ecosystem is threatened by the expansion of the city of Esmeraldas and agricultural and aquaculture areas (particularly the breeding of red-bellied Pacu). Several local and national organizations have joined forces for ecosystem restoration and effective management of the protected area.