Okinawa rails (Hypotaenidia okinawae) evolved to be nearly flightless, supported by a unique island ecosystem that had no carnivorous mammals—until humans stepped in. The introduction of mongoose populations has decimated these rails with less than 1,000 left by 2006. CPSG organized workshops where it was decided that the Yambaru Mongoose Busters, a group of professional invasive species managers and their highly trained mongoose-sniffing dogs, took to Yambaru daily to track, trap, and remove mongooses. By 2010, they had achieved the first target of the action plan—to secure a mongoose-free area in the northern part of the island, and by 2020, mongooses were eliminated from most areas north of the fence. Efforts to win the next battle—complete regional eradication of mongooses north of a mongoose-proof fence—continue tirelessly. Concurrently, as recommended at the workshop, Japan’s Ministry of Environment created a policy for conservation-focused breeding of Okinawa rails.