Mongolia’s Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC), National Adaptation Plan (NAP), and National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (NBSAP) were developed separately across different departments despite being hosted by the same ministry – resulting in fragmented planning and missed opportunities for shared climate and biodiversity solutions. 

To address this, GIZ Mongolia commissioned a synergies assessment. Guided by the NDC-NAP-NBSAP Synergies Checklist, the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) conducted a desk-based analysis, stakeholder interviews, and a problem tree analysis with relevant government and development partner stakeholders. 

The assessment identifies alignment gaps, root causes of fragmented policymaking, and concrete recommendations to strengthen coordination and promote integrated climate and biodiversity action. Published shortly before three UN COPs, it provides a replicable model for other countries seeking to align their climate and biodiversity frameworks.