This study was commissioned by IUCN Programme Aires Protégées – UICN-PACO in late 2014 to develop comprehensive understanding for the scaling potential of the “small grants for biodiversity” model, and to improve the design and/or targeting of future investments. The objectives of the study are to assess the effectiveness and efficiency of delivery of the planned outcomes from small grants programmes in West and Central Africa during the past 10 years as well as their impact on biodiversity.