This study focuses on the area which stretches along sections of the border region between southwest Serbia and eastern Bosnia and Herzegovina in the central part of the Drina River Valley. The study examines the possibilities for establishing a transboundary protected area, in this case a biosphere reserve, and analyses the transboundary cooperation in this region to date. This study represents the preliminary assessment analysis of one of the six project sites of the project “Environment for People in the Dinaric Arc”.