For some time now, the European Union has been committed to conserving the world’s biodiversity. In November 2007 more than 400 leaders from business, governments, the EU and NGOs met in Lisbon to explore how European business could improve performance through biodiversity responsibility. These proceedings provide an overview of the rich array of presentations and discussions that took place. Convergence between public and private sectors on the critical importance of biodiversity, and what needs to be done now to stem its continuing loss, emerged at the Conference.