This document is divided into three sections. The first examines learning on various aspects of natural resources governance. This is followed by a section focusing more specifically on project implementation, planning and management lessons. Finally, we conclude with some suggestions on possible future niches for IUCN in the natural resources (NR) governance arena. We expect this document can contribute to strengthening the natural resource governance work of IUCN and partners and provide valuable learning for DFID, GTF grantees and other institutions involved in governance.