The Lesser Antillean iguana represents a unique component of the overall biodiversity of the Caribbean region. In October 2009, members of the IUCN SSC Iguana Specialist Group met on Dominica with regional experts and stakeholders to draft this comprehensive conservation action plan for the Lesser Antillean iguana. The overall goal of the plan is to prioritize the conservation actions necessary to ensure the long-term survival of the Lesser Antillean iguana throughout its natural range. The work presented here details managing the wild population, conducting ecological and genetic studies, implementing education awareness programs, establishing and managing a national park, and mobilizing financial, technical and human resources to preserve an important and unique component of Lesser Antillean natural heritage for future generations to appreciate and enjoy. The plan is also intended to guide decision makers in government, and inspire funding agencies and the international conservation community to provide the attention this unique iguana species deserves.