The Bouche du Roy Biosphere Reserve was created in 2017 to protect the mangrove and coastal ecosystems located in the RAMSAR 1017 site in Benin, and comprises several sites including Bouche du Roy. It is home to a human population of over 25,000 inhabitants, most of whom depend on the exploitation of natural resources for their survival. The success of conservation actions therefore represents a real challenge. We have therefore initiated management effectiveness and social impact assessments to evaluate the major impacts on biodiversity and the well-being of local communities at the Bouche du Roy site. These assessments, carried out with the support of the BIOPAMA action fund, showed the existing gap in terms of biodiversity monitoring, technical staff, financial resources and local development actions. Based on these shortcomings, a priority action plan was drawn up to reduce the gaps identified while consolidating the gains made.