In some areas of western equatorial Africa, ape populations have declined by more than 50% over the last twenty years. By far the most serious short-term threats to apes in this region are poaching and disease epidemics. In the longer term, however, it is believed that habitat loss and disturbance will become as serious a threat as hunting and disease. The world’s leading experts agree that the investment and actions described in this plan constitute the best strategy for preserving wild chimpanzees and gorilla populations in western equatorial Africa. Implementation of the recommendations will make a significant difference to the survival of great apes in this region.